Kuyika kwa zida ndi gawo lofunikira m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana omwe amafunikira kuwongolera kwamadzi kapena gasi, monga mafuta ndi gasi, petrochemical, ndi kupanga magetsi. Zimatsimikizira kuti madzi kapena mpweya umafalitsidwa bwino komanso molondola pakati pa zida, ma valve olamulira, ndi zipangizo zoyezera. Machubuwa nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda msoko ndipo amapangidwa kuti athe kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu, kutentha, ndi malo owononga, kuwapangitsa kukhala ofunikira kwambiri pantchito zamakampani.
Chida machubuNthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina owongolera njira kusamutsa kuthamanga, kutentha, ndi kuyeza kwamayendedwe kupita kumageji, masensa, kapena machitidwe owongolera. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika ndi kulondola kwa dongosololi popewa kutulutsa kapena kuipitsidwa panthawi yopatsirana madzimadzi. Machubuwa amapangidwa kuti akhale olimba, osachita dzimbiri, komanso odalirika pansi pamikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, yomwe imapereka magwiridwe antchito okhalitsa komanso osasamalira.
Momwe Zida Zazida Zimagwirira Ntchito M'mafakitale Osiyanasiyana
M'mafakitale monga mafuta ndi gasi, machubu a zida amatenga gawo lofunikira pakuwunika bwino, kuwongolera kuthamanga, komanso kayendedwe ka madzi. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi yochotsa zinthu zachilengedwe, kupanikizika ndi kuyeza kwake kumafunika kutumizidwa kuchokera pachitsime kupita ku machitidwe omwe amayendetsa ntchitoyo. Popanda machubu odalirika, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha kulephera kwadongosolo kapena kuwerengeka kolakwika, zomwe zitha kubweretsa zovuta zogwira ntchito.
Mofananamo, m'mafakitale opangira mankhwala, machubu a zida amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula madzi owononga kuchokera kugawo lina kupita ku lina. Kugwiritsa ntchitozitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 304L chubum'machitidwe amenewa ndi otchuka chifukwa kukana dzimbiri kwa mankhwala aukali ndi mphamvu yake kukhalabe umphumphu pansi pa mavuto aakulu. M'malo awa, machubu ayenera kukhala olimba mokwanira kuti azitha kuthana ndi ma acid ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kukhala chisankho chomwe chimakonda kukhazikika komanso kukana dzimbiri.
M'mafakitale amagetsi, makamaka pakuyika zida za nyukiliya ndi matenthedwe, machubu a zida amatenga gawo lofunikira posamutsa madzi ozizira, nthunzi, kapena mpweya kuti azitha kuyang'anira makina omwe amasunga bwino komanso chitetezo chanyumbayo. Zida monga 316L zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chifukwa chotha kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kupsinjika komwe kumayenderana ndi machitidwe opanga magetsi.
Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Machubu Opangira Zida Zapamwamba
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchitozida zapamwamba zamachubumu machitidwe a mafakitale ndi ambiri. Umisiri wolondola kumbuyo kwa machubuwa umatsimikizira kuti atha kupirira:
Kuthamanga Kwambiri: Ma chubu nthawi zambiri amafunika kupirira kupanikizika kwambiri, makamaka m'zitsime zamafuta ndi gasi kapena zopangira mankhwala.
Malo Owononga: Zipangizo zamachubu monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha duplex kapena 304L amasankhidwa chifukwa chokana dzimbiri m'malo ovuta monga omwe ali ndi ma chlorides kapena mankhwala a sulfure.
Kutentha Kwambiri: Kuyika kwa zida kuyenera kugwira ntchito modalirika ponse pawiri pa cryogenic komanso kutentha kwambiri, monga m'mafakitale amagetsi kapena m'malo opangira mankhwala komwe kutseketsa kumafunikira.
Chida machubuamagwiritsidwa ntchito kusamutsa osati madzi ndi mpweya komanso ma siginecha. Nthawi zina, machubu amatha kulumikizidwa ndi ma transmitters, ma flow metre, ndi masensa a kutentha, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti njira zamakampani zimayendetsedwa mwamphamvu komanso zotetezeka. M'makampani opanga mankhwala ndi zakudya, machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amayamikiridwa chifukwa ndiosavuta kuyeretsa, kuonetsetsa kuti pali ukhondo pamachitidwe ovuta.
Mapeto
Machubu a zida ndi njira yapadera kwambiri yamachubu opangidwa kuti azitumiza molondola komanso modalirika zamadzimadzi ndi mpweya mkati mwa machitidwe ovuta kwambiri. Mafakitale kuyambira mafuta ndi gasi kupita ku mankhwala amadalira machubu opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zolimba monga 304L zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena 316L kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito zawo zikuyenda bwino, mosatekeseka, komanso moyenera. Kulondola komanso kudalirika kwa machubu a zida ndizofunikira kwambiri pakusunga kukhulupirika kwa machitidwe ovuta momwe ngakhale kutayikira kwakung'ono kapena kuwerenga molakwika kungayambitse zovuta zazikulu zogwirira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-07-2025