Zambiri zokhudzana ndi chubu chachitsulo chogwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala

1. Zofunikira pa chuma cha chubu chachitsulo Mugawo la mankhwala, zipangizo za mapaipi achitsulo ziyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yokhwima.

Kukana dzimbiri: Popeza njira yopangira mankhwala imatha kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zosakaniza za mankhwala okhala ndi asidi, alkaline kapena owononga, machubu achitsulo ayenera kukhala ndi kukana dzimbiri bwino. Mwachitsanzo, machubu ena achitsulo kapena machubu achitsulo okhala ndi zinthu zambiri angakhale oyenera chifukwa amatha kukana dzimbiri bwino.

Chiyero: Zinthu zomwe zili mu chubu chachitsulo ziyenera kukhala zoyera kuti mankhwala asaipitsidwe. Kuchuluka kwa chidetso kuyenera kulamulidwa mosamala kuti zitsimikizire kuti mankhwala ndi abwino komanso otetezeka. Ngati chubu chachitsulo cha kaboni chikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za kuyera, chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pazinthu zina zamankhwala, monga mapaipi ena oyendera omwe sakhudzana mwachindunji ndi mankhwala. Komabe, kuwongolera khalidwe panthawi yopanga kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti zinyalala zisasakanikirane.

2. Mitundu ya chubu chachitsulo

Chitsulo chopanda msoko:

Ubwino: Popeza chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika chilibe zolumikizira, pali chiopsezo chochepa cha kutuluka madzi ponyamula madzi, ndipo khoma lamkati ndi losalala, zomwe zimachepetsa kukana kwa madzi, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri ponyamula madzi munjira ya mankhwala, monga kunyamula mankhwala amadzimadzi. Mu njira zina zamankhwala zomwe zimafuna ukhondo wochuluka, chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika chingatsimikizire bwino kuyera kwa mankhwala ndikupewa kuipitsidwa kwa mankhwala panthawi yonyamula.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula zakumwa zoyera kwambiri zamankhwala, madzi osungunuka ndi zinthu zina zopangira mankhwala zomwe zimafuna ukhondo wokhwima. Mwachitsanzo, mu workshop yomwe imapanga jakisoni, kuyambira kukonzekera zinthu zopangira mpaka kudzaza zinthu zomalizidwa, ngati chubu chachitsulo chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula, chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika chingakhale chisankho chabwino.

Chitoliro chachitsulo cholumikizidwa:

Ubwino: Kupanga bwino kwa mapaipi achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi kokwera ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika. Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'maulumikizano ena othandizira azachipatala omwe alibe zofunikira kwambiri pakupanikizika kwambiri ndipo ali ndi zofunikira zapadera pakukana dzimbiri ndi zinthu zina za mapaipi achitsulo.

Zochitika Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito: Mwachitsanzo, mu makina oyeretsera madzi otayidwa a fakitale ya mankhwala, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula madzi otayidwa omwe adakonzedwa kale ndipo ali ndi zofunikira zochepa zoyera pamapaipi achitsulo, kapena amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula mpweya m'makina ena opumira mpweya.

3. Chubu chachitsulomiyezo

Miyezo ya ukhondo: Chubu chachitsulo chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala chiyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yokhwima ya ukhondo. Pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulocho chiyenera kukhala chosalala komanso chosavuta kuyeretsa komanso chophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipewe kukula kwa mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, kuuma kwa mkati mwa chubu chachitsulocho kuyenera kulamulidwa mkati mwa mtundu winawake kuti madzi otsala asabereke mabakiteriya ndikukhudza ubwino wa mankhwalawo.

Miyezo Yabwino: Mphamvu, kulimba ndi zinthu zina zamakanika ziyeneranso kukwaniritsa zofunikira zogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, m'mapaipi ena onyamula mankhwala omwe amafunika kupirira kupsinjika kwina, mapaipi achitsulo amafunika kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti mapaipiwo asasweke, potero kupewa ngozi zotayikira ndi kupanga mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, chubu china chachitsulo chomwe chili mu GB/T8163-2008 (chubu chachitsulo chosasunthika chonyamula madzi) chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mapaipi onyamula madzi mu uinjiniya wa mankhwala. Ili ndi malamulo omveka bwino okhudza kulondola kwa miyeso, kapangidwe ka mankhwala, katundu wa makina, ndi zina zotero za chubu chachitsulo kuti zitsimikizire kuti ndi Zodalirika pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.